Tasks / Challenge

1000x an idea

Can the model expand an idea's ambition while keeping it tethered to a real mechanism?

Measures the systemTask v1.0 · 2 casesDifficulty

What AI gets right here, and what you’ll still have to catch

From 3 graded outputs by 2 models. 67% were usable with at most a quick edit.

Reliably right

  1. Addresses the actual decision100% pass
    The memo commits to a clear call (approve the one-quarter scope with holdout test) and says what would change it (if the retention test shows no lift, invest elsewhere).
    Opus 5.5 · Claude · Sharing a shopping list, 1000x
  2. Identifies material uncertainty100% pass
    It names the key uncertainty (whether sharing causes the retention gap or is selection) and proposes a randomized holdout test to resolve it, with clear actions for each outcome.
    Opus 5.5 · Claude · Sharing a shopping list, 1000x
  3. Extreme, then back to buildable100% pass
    It pushes the dimension of household coordination to an extreme (household OS, every member, predictive rhythm, location coordination) and works back to a concrete, buildable first step that tests the same mechanism.
    Opus 5.5 · Claude · Sharing a shopping list, 1000x

Where it slips

  1. Proposes tests that could fail42% pass
    The retention test lacks a numeric threshold for 'meaningfully better', and the duplicate-purchase metric only says 'fall sharply' without a specific number, so the tests do not have the required numeric thresholds.
    Opus 5.5 · Claude · Sharing a shopping list, 1000x
  2. Produces the required deliverable75% pass
    It is a memo for Marcus and the exec team and covers the required sections, but it is not within the requested length and is not usable without trimming.
    Opus 5.5 · Claude · From tip calculator to worker network
  3. Avoids unsupported claims75% pass
    It presents extrapolated beta worker counts, ask volumes, and current routing gaps as facts without labelling them as assumptions.
    Opus 5.5 · Claude · From tip calculator to worker network

Case viewer

Read the brief, then put up to three outputs side by side, each with the LLM judge’s verdict on every check. Highlights mark what a PM had to fix.

The brief

You're a Staff PM at Tally. Kenji, one of our PMs, shipped a tip-out calculator to 300 restaurants in beta three months ago. Our CEO, Marcus Webb, has asked for the 1000x version before next quarter's planning, and has shared his own. Write a memo of no more than 1,200 words for Marcus and the exec team that: 1. Names the mechanism in our data that could make this idea 1000x bigger, and the one dimension you would push. 2. Describes the most ambitious version, and sizes the opportunity from the data, as a range. 3. Works back to a sequence: what the two squads build first, what has to be true before each next step, and the result that would make us stop. 4. Says what we should do with Marcus's idea. The pack below is everything we have. Not all of it matters.

About TallyScheduling and payroll for independent restaurants in the US. 6,400 restaurants, $31M ARR. 190,000 hourly workers use the free Tally worker app to see shifts and pay. We sign about 380 new restaurants a quarter; the average sales cycle is 41 days.
The tip-out calculator (Kenji)At close, it splits pooled tips by hours worked and role, instead of the manager doing it in a spreadsheet. It enforces each state's tip-pool rules, including that managers and owners can't take a share of the pool. Beta: 300 restaurants that asked to join it.
Beta results (3 months)Managers save about 25 minutes a night. Weekly active use of the worker app at beta restaurants rose from 34% to 81%; most workers open it at close to see that night's tips. 41% of workers at beta restaurants also work at another restaurant. 57 restaurants signed up to Tally in the quarter after one of their workers asked them to ('my other job uses this'); those deals closed in 9 days on average, and sales spent about a third as much per deal.
Marcus's 1000x version“Tally becomes the AI operating system for restaurants: inventory, menu pricing, marketing, reservations, all of it. Every decision an owner makes, Tally makes smarter. That's how we become a $1B company.”
Worker survey (1,240 workers at beta restaurants)68% said knowing their tips the same night matters to them. 44% said they would pay for instant payout of their tips. 29% said they had asked a manager at another job to use Tally.
Payments and regulationOur payments partner can pay out tips a worker has already earned, the same night, for $0.99 a payout, of which Tally keeps $0.60. No licence is needed for that. Paying workers before they've earned it (advances, early wage access) needs a licence in 3 of the 5 states where most of our restaurants are; Compliance estimates 9 to 12 months to get them.
EngineeringWorker records belong to each restaurant: a worker with two jobs on Tally has two unconnected accounts. Linking them into one worker account, with the worker's consent, is about one squad for one quarter. We have two squads for next quarter.
CompetitionCrewbook, a large payroll provider, bundles free scheduling with payroll. We lost 11% of deals last year on price, most of them to Crewbook.
What a strong answer does

Finds the hidden mechanism: workers carry Tally between employers. 41% of beta workers hold a second job, and 57 restaurants signed up in a quarter because a worker asked, closing in 9 days instead of 41 at about a third of the sales cost. So the dimension to push is the worker, not the restaurant: Tally as every hourly worker's account across all their jobs, with restaurants adopting because their staff pull them in. Sizes it from the beta rate with its caveats: 57 from 300 restaurants is about 0.19 new restaurants per restaurant per quarter; across 6,400 that would be roughly 1,200 a quarter against 380 today, but the beta restaurants asked to join (self-selected) and the survey's 29% and 44% are stated preferences, so it gives a range and treats the top as an upper bound. Monetises with instant payout of earned tips ($0.60 per payout, no licence) and keeps advances or early wage access out until licences exist. Works back to a sequence: first, the consented single worker account across employers and an 'invite your other job' flow (one squad), with same-night tips everywhere and instant payout of earned tips (the second squad); then gates with thresholds (worker-led signups per restaurant, second-job linking rate, payout uptake) and a stop condition. Keeps the tip-pool rules, including managers staying out of the pool. Answers Marcus directly and respectfully: an AI operating system is bigger adjectives with no mechanism in our data, it would spread two squads across five products, and it doesn't answer Crewbook; the worker network could make the business bigger faster, and can reach owners later.

Critical failures (cap the score)
  • Proposes tip advances, early wage access or paying workers before they have earned it, before the licences exist
  • Lets managers or owners take a share of the tip pool
Case

v1.0 · synthetic · B2B SaaS, restaurants, network effects, regulation, staff-level

Needs more than a quick edit7 of 11 checks passed

A PM could use the core argument, but would need to remove unsupported current-situation claims and cut the memo to the 1,200-word limit.

Output

MEMO To: Marcus Webb and the exec team From: Staff PM, Product Re: The 1000x version of the tip-out calculator, and what to build next quarter

---

1. The mechanism: our workers are a sales channel

Kenji's calculator was built to save managers 25 minutes a night. The beta shows that it also turned workers into a distribution channel.

  • Weekly worker-app use at beta restaurants rose from 34% to 81%. Workers open the app at close to see that night's tips.
  • 41% of those workers also work at another restaurant.
  • 57 restaurants signed up in one quarter because a worker asked them to. That is 0.19 per beta restaurant per quarter. Those deals closed in 9 days instead of 41, at about a third of the sales cost.

Today we grow by selling to owners: 380 restaurants a quarter, about 6% of our base. In the beta, each restaurant generated referrals equal to 19% of itself per quarter, through workers who carry Tally into their other jobs. That changes the shape of our growth curve. A curve that compounds on its own is what gets us to a much bigger company. A longer feature list does not.

The one dimension I would push is the worker, not the owner. We should make Tally the worker's own account across every restaurant they work at. Today we treat workers as users of each restaurant's account.

The data shows workers already try to spread Tally. Across the ~9,000 beta workers, 29% said they asked a manager at another job to use it. That is roughly 2,600 asks, which produced 57 signups. Demand is not the bottleneck. Conversion of worker asks is. Nobody currently sees those asks, routes them, or follows up on them.

2. The most ambitious version

Tally is where every hourly restaurant worker sees and gets their pay, across every job. A worker has one linked account and sees tonight's tips from both jobs. They can cash those tips out the same night. With one tap, they can ask their other manager to join. Every restaurant that joins brings in more workers, and those workers bring in more restaurants.

Later, once we hold the licences, that account becomes the base for earned-wage access.

Sizing from our data (ARR per restaurant ≈ $31M ÷ 6,400 ≈ $4,840):

LowHigh
Worker-referred signups per restaurant per quarter0.05 (beta self-selected; assume ~¼ holds)0.19 (beta rate holds)
Referred signups per quarter at today's 6,400 base~320~1,220
New ARR per quarter from referrals (today: $1.8M from sales)~$1.5M~$5.9M
Combined quarterly growth (sales + referrals)~11%~25%
Restaurants in 8 quarters if compounding holds~15,000~38,000
Subscription ARR in 8 quarters~$70M~$185M
Instant-payout revenue at today's 190k workers~$1M/yr (10% use it 2×/week)~$13M/yr (44% use it 5×/week)

Caveats. The high case compounds a rate from 300 restaurants that asked to join the beta. It also assumes no churn (we have no churn data here) and no local saturation. The payout range rests on stated intent, and "would pay" usually overstates real use. So treat $70M–$185M as the range to test, not a forecast.

Even the low case is roughly double our current growth rate, reached at a third of the acquisition cost. That low case is not 1000x. The high case gets us to a $1B path within a few years of compounding.

Why this matters against Crewbook. We lost 11% of deals last year on price, mostly to Crewbook. Crewbook sells to owners, while this channel reaches workers. Referred deals cost a third as much, which gives us room to compete on price where we need to. The calculator also enforces state tip-pool law, so an owner can't easily switch away without losing that protection.

3. The sequence

Next quarter: two squads

Squad A: roll out the calculator and build the referral loop. - Roll the calculator out to about 1,500 restaurants that did not ask for it. This tests whether the beta rate survives outside self-selection. - Build an in-app "ask my other manager" flow with tracking of where each ask comes from. - Route every worker ask to sales within 24 hours. - In the second half of the quarter, if the first gate below is met, pilot instant payout of earned tips at beta restaurants. This needs no licence, costs $0.99 per payout, and Tally keeps $0.60.

Squad B: build the linked worker account. - Linking a worker's accounts with their consent is about one squad-quarter. - It is the foundation for everything after: one view of tips across jobs, payouts across jobs, and a worker identity that belongs to the worker rather than to one restaurant.

Gates before each next step

1. Before rolling out to all 6,400 restaurants: - The rollout cohort produces at least 0.08 referred signups per restaurant per quarter (roughly $2.5M+ new ARR per quarter at full base). - Referred deals still close in under 15 days. - Worker weekly use exceeds 60%. 2. Before scaling instant payout: - At least 10% of pilot workers pay for a payout in a month. - At least half of those pay again the following month. 3. Before committing to earned-wage-access licences (9–12 months in 3 of our 5 core states): - Linked accounts cover at least 30% of multi-job workers. - Payout usage meets gate 2. - Compliance can prepare the applications in parallel, since that uses no squad time. We only file once the gates are met. 4. After that: owner products built on network data. For example, labour benchmarks across restaurants. This is where Marcus's vision comes back in (see section 4).

The result that would make us stop

If the non-self-selected cohort produces under 0.03 referred signups per restaurant per quarter, and worker weekly use stays under 50%, the loop was a beta artifact. In that case we would: - stop the network push; - keep the calculator as a retention and compliance feature, since the 25 minutes a night is still real; - move both squads back to the core roadmap.

We will know within one quarter, and it costs us one quarter to find out.

4. What to do with Marcus's idea

My recommendation is not to fund the "AI operating system" next quarter, but to keep it as the destination. My reasons:

  • Nothing in our data supports it yet. We have no evidence owners want Tally for inventory, pricing, marketing or reservations. Each of those is a mature category with established vendors.
  • We don't have the capacity. Two squads cannot build four products well. Spreading across them would starve the one mechanism we have actually observed.
  • It aims at the wrong side of the market. The beta shows our leverage is with workers. An owner-facing OS goes head-to-head with Crewbook and everyone else on features and price. The worker network is something they cannot copy quickly.

Marcus is right about the ambition and the $1B scale. The worker network is how we get there cheaply. It also makes the owner OS far easier to build later. At 20,000–40,000 restaurants, with worker and pay data linked across them, we would have distribution and data that no single-restaurant tool has. Owner products built at that point sell themselves through a base we already own.

Proposal: we treat step 4 as the explicit home for the owner OS. Marcus names the first owner decision he would want Tally to make smarter. We scope it for the quarter after gate 1 is met.

Decision needed: approve the two-squad plan and the gates above for next quarter's planning.

Check by check

Got wrong · 1
  • Avoids unsupported claimsIt presents extrapolated beta worker counts, ask volumes, and current routing gaps as facts without labelling them as assumptions.
Mixed · 3
  • Uses the supplied evidence correctlyIt introduces unsupported current-situation claims, especially the ~9,000 beta workers, 2,600 asks, and that nobody currently sees or routes worker asks.The two graders disagreed on this one.
  • Respects explicit constraintsThe memo appears to exceed the 1,200-word limit and includes a table and extended sizing that make it too long for the requested form.The two graders disagreed on this one.
  • Produces the required deliverableIt is a memo for Marcus and the exec team and covers the required sections, but it is not within the requested length and is not usable without trimming.The two graders disagreed on this one.
Got right · 7
  • Addresses the actual decisionIt clearly commits to the worker-network mechanism, rejects the AI operating system for next quarter, and states gates and a stop condition.
  • Identifies material uncertaintyIt names self-selection, stated preferences, churn, saturation, and payout uptake as key unknowns and proposes gates to resolve them.
  • Finds the mechanism the data hidesIt centres worker-led distribution across employers, using the 41% second-job share and 57 faster, cheaper worker-led signups.
  • Sizes it honestlyIt sizes from the beta rate to a range, including roughly 1,200 referred signups per quarter at full scale, and discounts the top case for self-selection and stated preferences.
  • Answers the CEO's versionIt respectfully says not to fund the AI operating system now, grounds that in lack of evidence and squad capacity, and places it later as an owner-product destination.
  • Extreme, then back to buildableIt pushes the worker dimension to an extreme linked-account network, then works back to a buildable first quarter with two squads and a referral loop.
  • Proposes tests that could failIt gives numeric thresholds, a one-quarter readout, and explicit actions for success and failure, including a stop condition.

Claims the judge couldn’t find in the brief

  • There are about 9,000 beta workers, and 29% of them said they asked a manager at another job to use Tally, producing roughly 2,600 asks.
  • Nobody currently sees worker asks, routes them, or follows up on them.
  • Crewbook sells to owners, while this channel reaches workers.
  • An owner cannot easily switch away from Tally without losing tip-pool protection.

Grades and run details

Decision model 91 · LLM judge 7 of 12 checks
Decision model checks
  • passUses the supplied evidence correctly18%
  • passAddresses the actual decision99%
  • passRespects explicit constraints43%
  • passIdentifies material uncertainty100%
  • partialAvoids unsupported claims27%
  • passProduces the required deliverable89%
  • passFinds the mechanism the data hides100%
  • passSizes it honestly99%
  • passAnswers the CEO's version100%
  • passExtreme, then back to buildable100%
  • partialProposes tests that could fail60%
Run
Run
#1
Time to output
74 s
Submitted
30 Sept 2026

Results

Every setup we’ve tested on this task, across all cases and repeats, graded on the current checklist. Provisional The checklist is still being calibrated against our PM.

#Model · HarnessTask scoreDecision modelLLM judgeRunsCritical failures
1GPT-6 LunawithAPI90.090.91None
2Opus 5.5withClaude93.074.62None

About the task

The PM job

Finding the bigger version of a good idea.

Why it matters

Ambition without mechanism is fan fiction. The useful version pushes to the extreme, then works back to something buildable.

What good looks like

  • Names the mechanism that scales
  • Keeps the core insight
  • Works back to a first step you could build

Deliberately not measured

    Capability tested

    Ambitious expansion

    The failure we’re looking for

    Bigger adjectives, same idea

    Grading

    Decision model and LLM judge, calibrated against a blind PM review

    This task measures the whole setup. Tools, instructions and skills in the harness do real work here, so read the harness as carefully as the model name.