Tasks / Metrics & Experimentation

Analyse experiment results

Can the model separate evidence from speculation, identify decision-relevant uncertainty and recommend a sensible next action?

Task type v1.2 · 2 tasksLast changed 6 Oct 2026 · ChangelogDifficulty

What AI gets right here, and what you’ll still have to catch

From 18 graded outputs by 9 models. 56% were usable with at most a quick edit.

Reliably right

  1. Respects explicit constraints100% pass
    The note is addressed to the onboarding team, stays under 300 words, and proposes actions that would enforce the stated constraints.
    GPT-6 Astra · ChatGPT · The underpowered onboarding test
  2. Interprets power correctly97% pass
    It correctly explains that the test was designed to detect a 3pp effect, that the CI includes both harm and benefit, and that extending would detect about 2pp.
    GPT-6 Astra · ChatGPT · The underpowered onboarding test
  3. Catches the sample ratio mismatch89% pass
    The output computes the split (53.6% treatment), calls it a sample ratio mismatch, and states the cause must be found before trusting the result.
    Opus 5.5 · Claude · Up 6%, and significant

Where it slips

  1. Uses the supplied evidence correctly50% pass
    States that the change is easy to reverse, which is not supported by the supplied context.
    Haiku 5.5 · API · The underpowered onboarding test
  2. Avoids unsupported claims56% pass
    Presents 'the change is easy to reverse' as fact without evidence from the brief or context.
    Haiku 5.5 · API · The underpowered onboarding test
  3. Trusts the data before reading it60% pass
    Does not check any trust signal (e.g., sample ratio, exposure) before interpreting the results.
    GPT-6 Luna · API · The underpowered onboarding test

How it’s graded

Each check is built on how world-class product and growth leaders do this work, as they’ve described it on Lenny’s Podcast, and names the leader it comes from.

  1. Trusts the data before reading it

    Before interpreting effects, does the analysis check whether the result is trustworthy (sample ratio, exposure or logging issues, novelty, a surprisingly large lift) and say what it found?

    Passes when Explicitly checks at least one trust signal in the supplied data, such as the split against the intended ratio, and treats a surprising result as a reason to investigate before acting.

  2. Doesn't overread an unclear result

    Does the analysis state honestly what the data can and can't show: no win claimed from an early peek or a result that isn't significant, and no 'no effect' concluded from a test too small to detect one?

    Passes when Every claim matches the strength of the evidence, and anything unclear is called unclear, with what it can't rule out.

Plus our standard checks

Uses the supplied evidence correctly · Addresses the actual decision · Respects explicit constraints · Identifies material uncertainty · Avoids unsupported claims · Produces the required deliverable · Gets the base of every number right · and 1 written for each task, which you’ll see in the tasks below.

The tasks

Read the brief, then compare up to three outputs, each with the LLM judge’s verdict on every check. Highlights mark what a PM had to fix.

The brief

We tested a shorter onboarding checklist and the result came back 'not significant'. The team wants to call it a failure and move on. Write a short note to the onboarding team saying what we should conclude from this test and what we should do next. Keep it under 300 words.

What the model was given4 items: Scenario, Readout, Qualitative, Options on the table
ScenarioTrellis is a project-management tool for small teams. The shorter checklist cuts onboarding from nine steps to five. It is already built: shipping it to everyone would take about a day of engineering. Activation means creating a first project and inviting at least one teammate within seven days.
ReadoutActivation: A 31.2%, B 32.9% (+1.7pp, 95% CI −1.4 to +4.8). n = 3,960 per arm. The pre-registered minimum detectable effect was 3pp.
QualitativeSupport tickets tagged 'onboarding confusion' fell from 44 to 29 during the test.
Options on the tableRunning the test for another four weeks at current traffic would detect an effect of about 2pp.
What a strong answer doesThe answer key the graders mark against

Inconclusive, not a failure: the test could not detect effects smaller than ~3pp, and the point estimate is positive. Recommend a decision based on cost of shipping versus a longer test.

Critical failures (cap the score at 40)
  • Concludes the change has no effect
Task

Mid-level · v1.11

The outputs

9 setups answered this brief.

Needs more than a quick edit5 of 10 checks passed

Overclaims on user experience and similarity in performance, and lacks an explicit trust check; these would require reworking the reasoning, not just a light edit.

Output

Subject: Onboarding checklist test: Why we should ship Variant B

Team,

Before we write off the 5-step onboarding checklist as a failure, let’s take a closer look at the data. My recommendation is that we ship the shorter checklist immediately rather than rolling it back or extending the test.

What we should conclude "Not statistically significant" doesn't mean the test failed; it just means we didn't hit our ambitious pre-registered 3pp threshold. Looking at the actual numbers, the story is encouraging: * Activation leaned positive: Variant B saw a +1.7pp lift. Looking at the 95% confidence interval (−1.4pp to +4.8pp), the upside potential is much larger than the downside risk. At worst, the shorter checklist performs similarly to the 9-step version; at best, it provides a solid lift. * Less user friction: Support tickets for "onboarding confusion" dropped by a third (from 44 to 29). Even if activation is technically flat, users are clearly having a better experience. * Simpler is better: Cutting four steps reduces UI bloat and future maintenance for our team.

What we should do next We have the option to run the test for another four weeks to detect a 2pp effect, but that isn't a good use of our time. If the true lift is +1.7pp, another month of testing might still yield an "inconclusive" result while tying up our experimentation traffic.

Because Variant B is already built, shipping it to 100% of users will only take a day of engineering time. When a change is low-effort, reduces support volume, simplifies the product, and shows no evidence of harming activation, the default move should be to ship it.

Let’s roll out the 5-step checklist to everyone this week and move on to our next big bet.

Grades and run details

Decision model 50 · LLM judge 55
Decision model checks
  • passUses the supplied evidence correctly28%
  • failAddresses the actual decision73%
  • passRespects explicit constraints58%
  • partialIdentifies material uncertainty66%
  • failAvoids unsupported claims33%
  • partialProduces the required deliverable11%
  • partialInterprets power correctly33%
  • failTrusts the data before reading it98%
  • passGets the base of every number right37%
  • partialDoesn't overread an unclear result45%
Run
Run
#1
API response time
6 s
Submitted
13 Oct 2026

Usable with a quick edit7 of 10 checks passed

The unsupported claim about ticket splitting is minor and can be fixed with a quick edit; the core reasoning and recommendation remain sound and usable.

Output

Shorter checklist test — what it tells us and what's next

Hi all,

The shorter onboarding checklist came back "not significant." That doesn't make it a failure, and I don't think we should drop it.

What the test actually says

  • B activated at 32.9% vs 31.2% for A, a +1.7pp lift.
  • The 95% interval runs from −1.4pp to +4.8pp. Most of that range is positive, and the worst plausible case is a small loss.
  • We sized the test to detect 3pp. A real 1–2pp gain was always likely to come back "not significant." The result means the effect is smaller than 3pp or zero.1 It doesn't mean the change didn't work.

Supporting signal

Support tickets tagged "onboarding confusion" fell from 44 to 29 during the test. We didn't split tickets by arm, so this is directional only. It does point the same way as the activation result.

Recommendation: ship it

  • It's already built, and rolling it out costs about a day.
  • The likely effect is neutral to positive, and five steps are simpler to maintain than nine.
  • Running four more weeks would only detect effects of about 2pp. Our point estimate is 1.7pp, so we would probably still get an ambiguous answer, a month later.

Guardrails

  • Watch 7-day activation for the four weeks after rollout. If it drops more than about 1.5pp below the current baseline, roll back.
  • Split onboarding-confusion tickets by checklist version from now on, so next time we can tell whether a ticket drop is real.

For future tests

Before launch, agree what we'll do if the result comes back inconclusive. For a cheap, low-risk change like this, "not significant but probably not harmful" should default to ship.

Happy to discuss.

What a PM had to fix

  1. 1Numbers wrongRedo the arithmeticTargeted repair

    Source: ReadoutActivation: A 31.2%, B 32.9% (+1.7pp, 95% CI −1.4 to +4.8).

    What we’d changeCorrect the reading: the interval runs from −1.4 to +4.8pp, so an effect above 3pp isn't ruled out. The test just wasn't sized to reliably detect smaller ones.

Claims the judge couldn’t find in the brief

  • We didn't split tickets by arm.

Grades and run details

Decision model 85 · LLM judge 73
Decision model checks
  • passUses the supplied evidence correctly27%
  • passAddresses the actual decision86%
  • passRespects explicit constraints46%
  • passIdentifies material uncertainty98%
  • partialAvoids unsupported claims20%
  • passProduces the required deliverable69%
  • passInterprets power correctly100%
  • failTrusts the data before reading it74%
  • passGets the base of every number right56%
  • passDoesn't overread an unclear result48%
Run
Run
#1
Time to output
13 s
Submitted
25 Sept 2026

Usable with a quick edit7 of 10 checks passed

The core reasoning is sound; the unsupported claim about reversibility can be edited out or qualified without redoing the analysis.

Output

To: Onboarding team Re: Shorter checklist test

Conclusion: This wasn't a failure. It was inconclusive, and the result doesn't support "no effect."

  • The point estimate was +1.7pp (32.9% vs. 31.2%).
  • The 95% CI runs from −1.4pp to +4.8pp. Effects from slightly negative to clearly useful are all consistent with the data.
  • The test was powered for a 3pp lift. A real 1–2pp improvement, which would still be worth having, would usually not reach significance at this sample size.
  • Support tickets for "onboarding confusion" fell from 44 to 29. This wasn't a pre-registered metric, and counts this small are noisy, but it points the same way.

Recommendation: Don't treat this as a loss, and don't run the test indefinitely.

  1. Ship the five-step checklist to everyone, with a 10% holdout on the old flow. Shipping costs about one day of engineering, the change is easy to reverse, and the evidence leans positive. The holdout keeps measuring the real effect at no extra build cost.
  2. Decide the extension question on decision value, not on the test result. Another four weeks would detect roughly 2pp. That is worth doing only if a 2pp lift would change what we do next. If it wouldn't, the holdout gives us enough information.
  3. If we extend, make it a new pre-registered analysis. Set the new target effect and sample size now, and don't keep peeking at the current data until it crosses significance. Changing the goalposts after an inconclusive result is how teams end up with false positives.

Bottom line: The checklist is probably neutral to helpful, and it is cheap to keep. Ship it with a holdout, track activation and tickets, and revisit in four weeks.

Claims the judge couldn’t find in the brief

  • The change is easy to reverse

Grades and run details

Decision model 90 · LLM judge 73
Decision model checks
  • passUses the supplied evidence correctly33%
  • passAddresses the actual decision20%
  • passRespects explicit constraints53%
  • passIdentifies material uncertainty98%
  • passAvoids unsupported claims46%
  • passProduces the required deliverable79%
  • passInterprets power correctly100%
  • failTrusts the data before reading it52%
  • passGets the base of every number right56%
  • passDoesn't overread an unclear result72%
Run
Run
#1
API response time
7 s
Submitted
8 Oct 2026

Check by check

Where the outputs differ comes first. Open a check to read the judge’s reasons. “Mixed” means the two graders disagreed.

Where they differ 5

Uses the supplied evidence correctlyRightMixedMixed
Gemini 4 Argon · API

Every factual claim about the current situation comes directly from the brief/supplied context or arithmetic.

Opus 5.5 · Claude

Claims that tickets were not split by arm is not stated in the context and is presented as fact.

Haiku 5.5 · API

States that the change is easy to reverse, which is not supported by the supplied context.

Addresses the actual decisionMixedRightRight
Gemini 4 Argon · API

Commits early and unambiguously to shipping the variant, framed for the onboarding team.

Opus 5.5 · Claude

Commits to 'ship it' early, and specifies a guardrail (activation drop >1.5pp) that would trigger rollback.

Haiku 5.5 · API

Commits early to 'ship the five-step checklist' with a holdout, framed for the onboarding team.

Identifies material uncertaintyWrongRightRight
Gemini 4 Argon · API

Does not name specific unknowns that could change the decision nor state what result would change the call; it presents a definitive recommendation without contingency.

Opus 5.5 · Claude

Names the undetectable small effect, the directional-only ticket data, and the CI range; says what would change the call.

Haiku 5.5 · API

Names the CI and effect-size uncertainty, and says extending is worth doing only if a 2pp lift would change what they do.

Avoids unsupported claimsWrongWrongMixed
Gemini 4 Argon · API

States 'users are clearly having a better experience' as an established fact, when the evidence only shows a drop in support tickets, not a direct measure of experience.

Opus 5.5 · Claude

Presents 'We didn't split tickets by arm' as an established fact when the context only gives total ticket counts.

Haiku 5.5 · API

Presents 'the change is easy to reverse' as fact without evidence from the brief or context.

Doesn't overread an unclear resultWrongRightRight
Gemini 4 Argon · API

The statement 'At worst, the shorter checklist performs similarly' overreads the inconclusive result by implying there is no meaningful negative effect, when the test was too small to detect small effects.

Opus 5.5 · Claude

Does not claim a win or conclude no effect; correctly calls the result inconclusive and states what it can't rule out.

Haiku 5.5 · API

Calls the result inconclusive, not evidence of no effect, and states what the CI can and cannot rule out.

All got wrong 1

Trusts the data before reading itWrongWrongWrong
Gemini 4 Argon · API

Does not explicitly check any trust signal (e.g., sample ratio, logging issues) before interpreting the effects.

Opus 5.5 · Claude

Does not check any trust signal (e.g., sample ratio, exposure) before interpreting the result.

Haiku 5.5 · API

Does not explicitly check any trust signal (e.g. split ratio, exposure) before interpreting the data.

All got right 4

Respects explicit constraintsRightRightRight
Gemini 4 Argon · API

Output is a short note addressed to the team, under 300 words, and respects all explicit constraints.

Opus 5.5 · Claude

Output is a short note to the onboarding team, under 300 words, addressing conclusion and next steps.

Haiku 5.5 · API

Under 300 words (approx. 266), addressed to the onboarding team, note format.

Produces the required deliverableRightRightRight
Gemini 4 Argon · API

The note is complete, in the right form for the reader, within length, and contains an actionable recommendation.

Opus 5.5 · Claude

A complete, actionable note to the onboarding team within the word limit.

Haiku 5.5 · API

Short note with conclusion and clear next steps; a PM could act on it with light edits.

Interprets power correctlyRightRightRight
Gemini 4 Argon · API

Correctly explains that the test could not detect effects smaller than ~3pp, and that extending could detect ~2pp.

Opus 5.5 · Claude

Explains the test could only detect ≥3pp, so a 1-2pp real gain would likely be non-significant.

Haiku 5.5 · API

Explains the test could detect 3pp, and that a real 1-2pp improvement would not reach significance.

Gets the base of every number rightRightRightRight
Gemini 4 Argon · API

All percentages and differences are computed correctly, and the drop in tickets is properly presented from 44 to 29.

Opus 5.5 · Claude

Percentages and differences are correctly stated; ticket numbers are absolute, not misrepresented as rates.

Haiku 5.5 · API

Percentages and differences match the readout; no misstated denominators.

Results

Every setup we’ve tested on this task type, across all its tasks and repeats, graded on the current checklist. Calibrated. Where our PM checked the graders by hand, they agreed on 60% of 40 checks.

#Model · HarnessTask scoreDecision modelLLM judgeRunsCritical failures
1GPT-6 AstrawithChatGPT91.7100.02None
2Sonnet 5.5withAPI84.695.52None
3Opus 5.5withClaude88.386.42None
4GPT-6.1 SolwithAPI76.380.82None
5Haiku 5.5withAPI82.571.02None
6GPT-6 LunawithAPI78.364.72None
7Gemini 4 ArgonwithAPI68.865.72None
8Gemini 3.5 Flash-LitewithGemini53.351.72None
9Gemini 3.8 FlashwithAPI63.345.82None

What you get for the cost

Sonnet 5.5 · API scores within 5 points of GPT-6 Astra · ChatGPT at a third of the cost.

Task score against relative cost for each setup. The table below has the same figures.4050607080901001×3×10×30×100×Cost per output, relative to the cheapest setup (log scale) →↑ Task scoreGPT-6 Astra · ChatGPT: task score 96, 107× the cheapest (1 of 2 outputs estimated)Sonnet 5.5 · API: task score 91, 35× the cheapestOpus 5.5 · Claude: task score 88, 95× the cheapest (1 of 2 outputs estimated)GPT-6.1 Sol · API: task score 78, 14× the cheapestHaiku 5.5 · API: task score 76, 1.8× the cheapestGPT-6 Luna · API: task score 70, the cheapestGemini 4 Argon · API: task score 64, 14× the cheapestGemini 3.5 Flash-Lite · Gemini: task score 53, 3.1× the cheapest (1 of 2 outputs estimated)Gemini 3.8 Flash · API: task score 52, 12× the cheapestGPT-6 Astra · ChatGPTSonnet 5.5 · APIOpus 5.5 · ClaudeGPT-6.1 Sol · APIHaiku 5.5 · APIGPT-6 Luna · APIGemini 4 Argon · APIGemini 3.5 Flash-Lite · GeminiGemini 3.8 Flash · API
Best valueNobody beats these on both score and costCost partly estimated (app runs with no usage meter)
Task score and relative cost by setup
SetupTask scoreRelative cost (cheapest = 1)
GPT-6 Luna · API701.0×
Haiku 5.5 · API761.8×
Gemini 3.5 Flash-Lite · Gemini533.1× (partly estimated)
Gemini 3.8 Flash · API5212×
GPT-6.1 Sol · API7814×
Gemini 4 Argon · API6414×
Sonnet 5.5 · API9135×
Opus 5.5 · Claude8895× (partly estimated)
GPT-6 Astra · ChatGPT96107× (partly estimated)

Cost is each output’s tokens at the model’s list price, shown relative to the cheapest setup. Runs done in an app have no usage meter, so theirs are estimated from the same setup’s measured runs. How we compare cost

About the task

The PM job

Reading a test readout and deciding what to do next.

Why it matters

Experiment readouts are where false confidence is cheapest to produce and most expensive to act on. A model that declares a winner on conversion while retention quietly falls will ship the wrong thing.

What good looks like

  • Checks the result can be trusted before interpreting it
  • Reports effects with their uncertainty
  • Checks guardrail metrics before declaring a winner
  • Separates what the data shows from plausible explanations
  • Recommends a next step proportionate to the evidence

Deliberately not measured

  • Re-running the statistics from raw data
  • Chart production
Capability tested

Interpreting results within their limits

The failure we’re looking for

Claims causality, ignores guardrails or recommends arbitrary testing

Grading

Decision model and LLM judge, calibrated against a blind PM review